External Sewerage & Storm water System
External sewerage and stormwater systems are critical infrastructure components in modern urban areas that help manage wastewater and prevent flooding. The two systems are separate but may be located adjacent to each other.
The external sewerage system comprises a network of underground pipes, which carry wastewater from homes, businesses, and industries to treatment plants. The system typically consists of two types of pipes: gravity pipes, which rely on the force of gravity to transport wastewater, and pressure pipes, which use pumps to move the wastewater.
The external stormwater system is designed to collect and transport rainwater and other surface runoff from streets, parking lots, and other surfaces to natural water bodies or treatment facilities. The stormwater system also includes retention ponds, swales, and other features that help to manage the flow of water and prevent flooding.
The external sewerage and stormwater systems are typically owned and operated by municipal or regional authorities responsible for maintaining and upgrading the systems as needed. These systems are subject to regulations and standards aimed at protecting public health and the environment.